Impulse drying

This method is also a combination of pressing and drying. The process takes place in a press nip (for instance with a shoe press) where one surface, which is in direct contact with the web, is heated. The other web side is in contact with a felt The wet web is compressed and thus mechanically dewatered. The vapor generated at the hot surface pushes the water through the compressed capillaries towards the felt and finally the generated vapor can flow freely through these channels. This kind of process is stiU in development 

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Long nip press, impulse drying, and other advanced paper machines... 

Poirier and Sparkes [78] have successfully run a two-roll impulse drying unit at PAPRICAN pilot paper machine at... 

It has been shown that a tanperature increase from IdO C to 180°C in textile industrial dryers resulted in a reduction in energy consumption of 25% [18] and impulse drying of building and ceramic materials resulted in 30% reduction [19]. 

Impulse drying/Condebelt drying of paper (also need technology-push)... 

The gas quality feeding the dry faee seal should be elean and dry. Due to the possibility of eondensation of the proeess gas in the seal eavity, it was deeided to use a seal gas heater. The heater eontrol was set to provide warm gas at 15°C above the dew point to ensure no eondensate entered the seal eavity. Also, a dual filter in series with 5 and 2 p filtration elements was ehosen to provide an ideal sealing environment and maintain the optimum performanee of the seal. To reduee the risk of seal damage during reverse rotation of the turboexpander, programming logie was set to open the eompressor bypass valve whenever a shutdown impulse was initiated. 

Kast (Ref 30) studied the sensitiveness ro impact and heat of AN, AN/salt mixts and AN/combustibles mixts. He reported in 1926 that the presence of up to 30% of (NH4)2S04 has practically no effect on the explosihility of AN, and that sensitiveness to impact as well as to heat increases with increasing amounts of KMn04 in AN mixts. Naoum and Aufschlager (Ref 26) had found in 1924 that mixts of AN with (NH4)2 04 were explosive, but with increasing amts of sulfate deton became more difficult. An intimate mixt of equal parts of dry, powd nitrate and sulfate were detonated by an extremely strong impulse only. Torsuev (Ref 41) in... 

Since the crystals are anhydrous, no special precautions are necessary in drying them. They should be spread out on a sheet of filter paper on a clean glass plate and covered with paper to protect them from dust. Only when they are completely dry should they be placed in bottles. They should rattle as they are shaken on paper. The impulse of the student is almost always to bottle them too soon. 

In the impulse model, the excess energy Ek is transferred to an NO molecule as the momentum p0 given only to an N atom. Here, p0 is normal to the surface and Ek = p /2m, where m is mass of the N atom. Recoil of substrate Pt atoms can be ignored, because the mass of a Pt atom is much larger than that of an N atom. After desorption the momentump0 is converted to the linear momentum of the center of mass, P, and the linear momentum of the internal coordinate, p. A relationship p0 = m dri/df is satisfied in the impulse model and it can be approximated to dr2/df = 0 at the moment of the Pt-N bond breaking, where and r2 are the position vectors of N and O atoms, respectively, in an adsorbed NO molecule. 

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