Impact ignition

Uranium carbide emits brilliant sparks on impact, ignites on grinding in a mortar [1], or on heating in air to 400°C [2],... 

The pure material is not impact-ignitable in absence of electrostatic charges, but technical material (possibly containing dichlorosilane) is [1]. Hazards are reviewed and an Ait of 182°C established [2],... 

In longer chain hydrocarbon radicals, isomerization reactions become more important these pathways compete with bimolecular oxidation reactions and can impact ignition rates at low temperatures. For instance, -propylperoxy radical can undergo several unimolecular dissociations/rearrangements ... 

Baxter, "Motor Impact Ignition Level Program , Hercules-Thiokol Report 5A015-A2AOOHJT-OJI (1978) 69) L. Avrami, E.D. Loughran... 

A further design of exploding rifle bullet, without a firing pin, contained a primer with 40 mg mercury fulminate in the nose of the bullet which on impact ignited compressed black powder and this in turn detonated a metal cup containing an explosive mixture of potassium chlorate (56%) and antimony sulfide (44%). PETN explosive has also been used in exploding rifle bullets. 

Zirconium/lead alloys in a wide range of proportions spark or catch fire on impact and have been proposed for use as impact igniters for incendiary bullets, or as tracers that mark the impact of a projectile by the light effect. Similar alloys mixed with organic fuels are claimed in a U. S. patent as self-igniting incendiaries. ... 

The system is designed so that an impact ignites a detonator cap, which in turn causes NaN3 to decompose explosively. A small quantity of NaN3 (about 100 g) forms a large quantity of gas (about 50 L). 

A1 and PTFE are typically less impact ignition sensitive than A1 combined with other oxidizers. The ductility and malleability of PTFE tend to cushion impact enough to require A1 -H PTFE impact ignition energies almost twice that of intermetallic or metal-metal oxide formulations. Toward this end, studies have examined the influence of carbon additives to sensitize A1 -i- PTFE to impact ignition. Specifically, three forms of carbon additives were investigated and selected based on different physical and structural properties spherically shaped amorphous nanoparticles of carbon. 

Of the first-generation biofuels, ethanol and larger alcohols have been modeled most extensively and can thus be used to explore complex chemistry of interest. Branching in alcohols and the position of branching can impact ignition delays, overall conversion, and the distribution of intermediates, incomplete products of combustion, and emissions (aldehydes, unsaturated HCs). For alcohols, reaction of alkyl radicals with O2 molecules results... 

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