Immunologically Specific Activation

Allison (1978) preferred the term activation for the marked metabolic changes that occur in 

Theoretically, activation in one or an other form is necessary to be cured from infective diseases, in which the antigen survives or multiphes in normal macrophages. 

Fidler and Raz (1981) reserved the term macrophage activation for the process whereby noncy-totoxic macrophages acquire tumour cytotoxic or tumoricidal properties. 

The target specificity of activated macrophages has been controversial  

Specifically immune macrophages whose target specificity has been associated with the presence of cytophiUc antibody that enhances macro-phage-tumour interaction (Pels and den Otter 1974). 

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Vrudhula, V. M. Kerr, D. E. Siemers, N. O. Dubowchik, G. M. Senter, P. D. Cephalosporin prodrugs of paclitaxel for immunologically specific activation by L-49-sFv-p-lactamase fusion protein. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2003, 13 539-542. 

Figure 2. Left Inhibitor I accumulation in leaves of wounded young tomato plants. The middle leaf of young tomato plants at the three leaf stage was wounded at zero time and excised at the times shown. Inhibitor I in the upper and lower intact leaves was determined immunologically 48 h following wounding. Right 5 /xL of glucose (specific activity, 28 Ci/mM) was applied directly...

Multiplicity of Cytochrome P450, Purification, and Reconstitution of Cytochrome P450 Activity. Even before appreciable purification of CYP had been accomplished, it was apparent from indirect evidence that mammalian liver cells contained more than one CYP enzyme. Subsequent direct evidence on the multiplicity of CYPs included the separation and purification of CYP isozymes, distinguished from each other by chromatographic behavior, immunologic specificity, and/or substrate specificity after reconstitution and separation of distinct polypeptides by sodium... 

The importance of acetyl groups to the activity of certain bacterial polysaccharides and, especially, to their immunological specificity has been established.200-203 In addition to raising the solubility,... 

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