Immunologic stimulation

While the pools of Ca required (cellular or extracellular) distinguish non-immunologic peptide secretagogues from the classic immunologic secretagogues, peptide (non-immunologic) stimulation of the mast cell differs form IgE-dependent (immunologic) stimulation in a number of other important ways [86a] ... 

While these observations clearly point to protein phosphorylation in the mast cell as an important aspect of stimulus-response coupling, how this may fit into the overall picture is unclear. It would be of interest to know, for example, whether activators of protein kinase C (for example, 1,2-diacylglycerol) will promote a similar pattern of phosphorylation or whether inhibitors of G protein involvement (for example, Pertussis toxin) alter the pattern of phosphorylation in response to peptide or immunologic stimulation. 

Martin, S., Pombo, I., Poncet, P., David, B., Arock, M. and Blank, U., 2000, Immunologic stimulation of mast cehs leads to the reversible exposure of phosphatidylserine in the absence of apoptosis. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 123 249-258. 

The interferon beta-la form (Avonex ) is similarly a immunomodulator used by injection in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Interferons derived through recombinant DNA technology are labelled (rbe). interferon beta — interferon p. interferon beta-la interferon p. interferon beta-lb interferon p. interferon P2 interleukin 6. interferon yOFN-y MAF immune interferon interferon gamma [ban, inn] formerly called immune interferon Polyferon ) can be isolated from immunologically stimulated T-lymphocytes (hence its former name), and is an IMMUNOMODULAIOR that can be used to treat arthritis and shows activity as an ANTICANCER AGENT. 

To avoid possible pleiotropic effects of the immunological stimulation, the sig-naUng activity of NO on the IRE/IRP regulatory system was then studied in a more defined experimental system murine B6 fibroblasts were stably transfected with macrophage NOS2, and thus driven to synthesize NO. In these cells NO release... 

Fig. 175. Non-immunologically stimulated peritoneal macrophages from a SPF-NMRl mouse 48 h after a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg isotactic polyacrylic acid (Vi 2329 molecular mass 8-12 kDa cf. Muck et al. 1977) as sodium salt per kg body weight. The produced ascites were centrifuged for 10 min at 1000 r.p.m. and incubated in TCM 199 -I- 20 % foetal calf serum on a plastic cover slip for 2 h, rinsed with phosphate buffered saline after Dulbecco and fixed in 1 % glutaraldehyde in 0.07 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Ethanol, amyl acetate. Critical point drying. Gold coating. Cambridge Stereoscan 150 operated at 19 kV. APh-R. 101/80, negative 03 773. (from Schiller 1982)...

Chitosans and chitosan derivatives are also attractive materials in PDT. Chen et al. used GC as immunoadjuvant in photodynamic therapy with two photosensitizers, photofrin and /M-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin [73]. The treatment with GC could enhance antitumor immune response and the effects were more highly effective than other immunoadjuvants like complete Freud adjuvant or Corynebac-terium parvum. The combination of immunological stimulation by GC and active tumor destmction by photosensitizers could significantly enhance the cure rate of tumor therapy. 

Yanagihara Y, Kajiwara K, Basaki Y, Ikizawa K, Ebisawa M, Ra C, Tachimoto H, Saito H. Cultured basophils but not cultured mast cells induce IgE synthesis in B cells after immunologic stimulation. Clin Exp Immunol 1998 111 136-143. 

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