Imaging spectrometers

Figure Bl.23.10. Schematic diagram of a scattering and recoiling imaging spectrometer (SARIS). A large-area (95 X 75 nnn ), time-resolving, position-sensitive microchannel plate (MCP) detector captures a large...

In the x-ray portion of the spectmm, scientific CCDs have been utilized as imaging spectrometers for astronomical mapping of the sun (45), galactic diffuse x-ray background (46), and other x-ray sources. Additionally, scientific CCDs designed for x-ray detection are also used in the fields of x-ray diffraction, materials analysis, medicine, and dentistry. CCD focal planes designed for infrared photon detection have also been demonstrated in InSb (47) and HgCdTe (48) but are not available commercially. 

Figure 13. Modified Velocity Map Imaging spectrometer showing the double einzel lens, L, Li, and 5-eV kinetic energy initially transverse trajectories from an extended source volume with Vjgp = 3000 V, Vext = 0.695 x Vjep, and Vl = Vli = 1000 V. Taken with permission from Ref. [102]. Copyright (c) 2005, American Institute of Physics.

The VIRTIS apparatus (Visible Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) on board can observe the atmosphere and the cloud layers at various depths (on both the day and the night side of the planet). VIRTIS has also provided data for the first temperature map of the hot Venusian surface. These data have led to the identification of hot spots and thus provided evidence for possible volcanic activity (www.esa.int/specials/venusexpress). 

Hanley, Q. S., Murray, P. I. and Forde, T. S. (2006). Microspectroscopic fluorescence analysis with prism-based imaging spectrometers Review and current studies. Cytometry A 69, 759-66. 

Fig. 3.30. X-ray spectrum of the supernova remnant N49 in the LMC, aged between 5000 and 10 000 yr, taken with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory, showing H-like and He-like K-shell lines of abundant light elements and some L-shell lines of iron, after Park et al. (2003).

NMR imaging spectrometer systems, Vis, 1120 Auburn Road, Fremont, California 94538, USA... 

Murchie S., Kirkland L., Erard S., Mustard )., Robinson M. (2000) Near-infrared spectral variations of martian surface materials from ISM imaging spectrometer data. Icarus 147, 444-471. 

MERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding TR H2O, clouds and aerosol ESA-ENVISAT (2001)... 

MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer instrument METeorology... 

Chrisp MP. Convex diffraction grating imaging spectrometer. U.S. Patent 5,880, 834,1999. 

Figure 6.1 Basic concept of the application of FTIR imaging as a high-throughput technique. Placing multiple samples in the field of view of the imaging spectrometer allows the collection of a single dataset that contains information from all samples. Reprinted with permission from ACS.

Figure 6.2 General layout of the FTIR imaging spectrometer. Optical elements F and G illuminate the sampling accessory with light from the spectrometer optical elements B and E focus the light from the sampling accessory onto the FPA detector aperture C is used to control the overall light level reaching the detector, and filter B is used to block light from outside the desired spectral region.

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