Imaging of flow

Stepisnik J 1985 Measuring and imaging of flow by NMR Prog. Nuci. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. 17 187-209... 

DEFINITION A flow diagram P is a graph homomorphic image of flow diagram P under graph homomorphism h, if h is a function from the address set of P ... 

FIGURE 3.20 Pressure-sensitive valves. The laminar flow scheme for patterning surface free energies inside channels with two different trichlorosilanes, OTS and HFTS, is shown in (a). Images of flow patterns of a rhodamine B solution obtained in increasing pressures from (b), (c), to (d) [433]. Reprinted with permission from Nature Publishing Group. 

Rofe, C. J., Lambert, R. K., and Callaghan, P. T. (1994). Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of flow for a shear-thinning polymer in cylindrical Couette geometry. J. Rheology 38, 875-887. 

Imaging of flows of water and other hydrogen-containing liquids through pipes, orifices, and porous media is of considerable interest. In medicine, the distribution of blood velocity in the aorta can be charted in a noninvasive manner. An example relevant to chemical engineering is illustrated in Fig. 27 [192]. 

Angiography is the imaging of flowing blood in the arteries and veins of the body. In the past, angiography was only performed by introducing an X-ray opaque dye into the human body and making an X-ray image of the dye. 

Figure 5.24 Neutron Image of flow in PEFC showing some partial slug and annular flow behavior along channel walls [37].

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