Specimen preparation image analysis

Interfacing Light Microscopy with TEM Fixation and Specimen Preparation for TEM Selective Staining of Nuclear Components Image Analysis and Enhancement Three-Dimensional Reconstructions by TEM... 

Several large invertebrate protein complexes have considerable historical significance and are particularly useful as controls for specimen preparation, STEM imaging, and image analysis. These include a wide variety of giant hemoglobins... 

Specimen preparation for SEM requires collection of particulates onto stubs (either directly, or after precollection of entities onto Nuclepore -type membranes), followed by postcoating, most frequently with a Au or Pt film (for imaging) or C film (for analysis). The maximum achievable resolution... 

McIntosh, J. Richard, ed. Cellular Electron Microscopy. Boston Elsevier/Academic Press, 2007. Experts discuss various aspects of electron microscopy, including specimen preparation, analysis of data, imaging from frozen-hydrated samples, and three-dimensional imj ing. 

Walter and Bryant [414] described a method for freeze drying latex specimens in a home made vacuum system rather than a commercially available device (as was typical of the state of the art at that time). Later, a freeze drying/image analysis method using commercially available equipment was described [413]. Important details of that method included specimen preparation, placement onto a TEM (or SEM) grid, the hardware for the experiment and the metal coating. 

The spacing factor is low when the total air content is sufficiently high and single air bubbles are small and uniformly dispersed in the matrix. Pores > 5 pm are recognized on specially prepared cross-sections, then counted and recorded manually or using computer image analysis - in both cases based on ASTM C 457 (1991). The quality of the surface treatment of concrete specimens prior to the microscopic examination is decisive. 

Soroushian, P. Elzafraney, M., Nossoni, A. (2003) Specimen preparation and image processing and analysis techniques for automated quantification of concrete microcracks and voids . Cement and Concrete Research, 33(12) 1949-62. 

There are several important issues in image analysis. First, problems with specimen preparation and instrumental techniques should be overcome before image analysis is used, as the analysis is no better than the imaging technique. Secondly, the image or micrograph must be carefully calibrated to provide accurate data. Representative images must be analyzed and a statistical population of features must be measured. 

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