Hyperthyroidism diffuse toxic goiter

The most common form of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease, or diffuse toxic goiter. The presenting signs and symptoms of Graves disease are set forth in Table 38-4. 

Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis), defined as excessive thyroid activity, causes a state of thyroid hormone excess (thyrotoxicosis) characterized by an increased metabolic rate, increase in body temperature, sweating, tachycardia, tremor, nervousness, increased appetite and loss of weight. Common causes of hyperthyroidism are toxic multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma or diffuse toxic goitre ( Graves disease). Antithyroid diugs (methimazol, carbimazole, propylthiouracil) block thyroid hormone production and are hence suitable for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. 

Treatment Regimens in Toxic and Diffuse Goiters in Iodine Deficiency Goiter and Hyperthyroidism in Iodine Deficiency... 

Functionally, the state may be compensated up to a certain degree of iodine deficiency and for a considerable period of time, described in clinical terms as euthyroid diffuse or nodular goiter. Functional failure follows only in the presence of severe iodine deficiency, and hypothyroidism may then develop. Much more frequently and somewhat paradoxically, hyperthyroidism ensues after many years of iodine depletion. Rarely, hyperthyroidism may be found in cases of diffuse goiter, which are then termed as diffuse thyroid autonomy. Fiowever, hyperthyroidism frequendy occurs in conjunction with uninodular (toxic adenoma) and multinodular goiters (toxic multinodular goiter). 

From a functional point of view, euthyroid diffuse goiter and hypofunctional thyroid nodules have to be discerned from hyperthyroid conditions, mainly toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter. 

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