Hyperglycemia reduction effects

Compared with previously available therapy, the adverse effects associated with cyclosporine are much less severe but still worthy of concern. Nephrotoxicity, which can occur in up to 75% of patients, ranges from severe tubular necrosis to chronic interstitial nephropathy. This effect is generally reversible with dosage reduction. Vasoconstriction appears to be an important aspect of cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity. Hypertension occurs in 25% of the patients and more frequently in patients with some degree of renal dysfunction the concomitant use of antihypertensive drugs may prove useful. Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, transient liver dysfunction, and unwanted hair growth are also observed. 

Metabolic effects of tumor necrosis factor alfa include a reduction in cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins, increases in triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins, and hyperglycemia. 

In 203 patients, randomly assigned for 1 year to rosiglitazone 4 mg bd or glibenclamide to achieve optimal control, there was significant and sustained reduction in hyperglycemia and a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure with rosiglitazone (26). There were no differences in adverse effects or in left ventricular mass index. 

Certain side reactions are associated with long-term treatment with chlorothiazide. The most common side effect is a reduction in serum potassium concentration. There is also an elevation in serum uric acid concentration, occasionally with precipitation of acute attacks of gout. In rare instances, hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus have occurred. Numerous molecular modifications have since been made, with the hope of producing a compound... 

Amelioration of hyperglycemia was observed in diabetic rats orally administered 200 mg/kg of an aqueous extract of white mulberry leaf daily for 2 weeks (Abou-Seif and Kamel 2008). A reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in diabetic rats orally administered 200 mg/ kg of a white mulberry leaf extract daily for 5 weeks. No effects on glucose levels in healthy rats were observed (Musabayane et al. 2006). A 22% reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in diabetic rats orally administered 1 g/kg white mulberry leaf aqueous extract daily for 6 weeks (Naowaboot et al. 2009). Several other animal studies have indicated similar findings (Chen et al. 1995 Devi and Urooj 2008 Hossei nzadeh and Sadeghi 1999 Miyahara et al. 2004). 

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