Hydroxyapatite hydrothermal method

Han J-K., Song H-Y., et al. (2006). Synthesis of height purity nano-sized hydroxyapatite powder by microwave-hydrothermal method. Materials Chemistry and Physics, No. 99, pp 235 - 239... 

Suchanek, W., Byrappa, K., Shuk, P., Riman, R., (anas, V. and TenHuisen, K. (2004) Preparation of magnesium-substituted hydroxyapatite powders by the medianochemical-hydrothermal method. Biomaterials, 25, 4647-57. 

Hu, X., Shen, H., Cheng, Y, Xiong, X., Wang, S. et al. (2010), One-step modification of nano-hydroxyapatite coating on titanium surface by hydrothermal method . Surface and Coatings Technology, 205,2000-6. 

Some work has been reported on deposition of hydroxyapatite under hydrothermal conditions, that is much above 100 °C. This includes a study by Liu, Savino and Yates (2011) who coated hydroxyapatite on titanium, stainless steel, aluminium and copper substrates by a seeded hydrothermal deposition method. The deposition strategy included an electrochemical reaction to form quickly a thin layer of HAp seed crystals. Subsequent hydrothermal crystal growth from the seed layer resulted in dense and durable HAp films. In a typical hydrothermal synthesis, a solution of Na2EDTA (0.20 M) and Ca(NOs)2 (0.20 M) was prepared in 15 ml water and a solution of (NH4)2HP04 (0.12 M) in 15 ml water was prepared in a second container. The two source solutions were mixed together after the pH of each solution was raised to 10.0 with ammonium hydroxide. The resulting combined solution was stirred at room temperature for about 20 min and then transferred to a Teflon-lined stainless steel pressure vessel of 40 ml internal volume. 

Xiao, X.F., Liu, R.F., and Zheng, Y.Z. (2006) Characterization of hydroxyapatite/titania composite coatings codeposited by a hydrothermal-electrochemical method on titanium. Surf. Coat. Technol., 200 (14/15), 4406-4413. 

Roy, D.M. and Linnehan, S.K. (1974) Hydroxyapatite formed from coral skeletal carbonate by hydrothermal exchange, Nature 247, 220. Developed the natural-template method for making porous HA. 

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