Hydrous oxides structural aspects

In view of their major application in aqueous battery systems more work has been carried out on the structural aspects of the oxides of these two metals than any of the systems discussed earlier. Details of the structure and reactivity of the nickel oxide battery materials can be found in recent reviews by Briggs209 and Oliva et al.2 Both hydrous and anhydrous phases exist for both the Ni(II) hydroxide and Ni(III) oxyhydroxide systems. Most interesting are the comments of Le Bihan and Figlarz,210 and McEwen,211 with regard to turbostatic structures the latter are found in materials where the ordering of the oxide is quite limited, i.e., the systems consist of highly ordered nuclei linked in a disordered manner—the latter feature should certainly enhance mass transfer processes and may well be involved in many other hydrous oxide systems. 

---