Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zinc Oxide

ZnO is an electronic and photonic material mainly because of its band gap of 3.37 eV. It has been widely used in near-UV emission, gas sensors, transparent conductors and piezoelectric applications [34-38]. There have been many existing 

Aneesh et al. synthesized ZnO nanoparticles (Fig. 6.6) using solutions of Zn(CH3COO)2 and NaOH in methanol at pH values between 8 and 11. An autoclave was used at temperatures ranging from 100 to 200 °C for 6 and 12 h under autogenous pressure. The ZnO particles have an average grain size of 7 to 16 mn as the temperature increases from 100 to 200 °C. 

Liu et al. [46] produced monodispersed ZnO nanorods using the hydrothermal technology. Zinc nitrate and NaOH were dissolved in deionized water. The solution was mixed with ethanol and ethylenediamine. A Teflon-lined autoclave was used at 180 °C for 20 h. The product, ZnO nanorods, was arranged in a bushlike assembly with a diameter and length of 45.6 nm and 1.54 nm, respectively. 

6 TEM image of Eu-doped ZnO nanoparticles with a 1-2 at dopant concentration [45] 

---

Huang, J., Xia, C., Cao, L. and Zeng, X. (2008) Facile microwave hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide one-dimensional nanostructure with three-dimensional morphology. Materials Science and Engineering B, 150, 187-193. 

Haiyan X, Hao W, Zhang Y, Cai H, Liang W, Mankang Z, et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide powders with controllable morphology. Ceram Int 2004 30 93-7. 

---