Hydrothermal simulation, flow reactor

Fig. 5.3 Schematic drawing of a flow reactor for the simulation of a hydrothermal system (Imai etal., 1999)...

Islam, M.N. Kaneko, T. Kobayashi, K Reaction of amino acids in a supercritical water-flow reactor simulating submarine hydrothermal systems. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2003, 76, 1171-1178. 

Many researchers have identified the difference in the presence of hot spots (which locally enhance or promote some selected reactions or transformations). The narrow temperature distribution obtained by simulation can justify the formation of nanoparticles (having a narrower particle size distribution) with respect to conventionally heated synthetic routes in case of nucleation and growth of nanoparticles (microwave hydrothermal synthesis). The large-scale production of nanoparticles requires the development of microwave reactors, which can reflect the laboratory temperature profile homogeneity. It will provide a new dedicated eontinuous-flow reactor, made of two twin prismatic applicators for a microwave-assisted process in aqueous solution. The reactor can produce upto 1000 L/day of nanoparticles eolloi-dal suspension at ambient pressirre and relatively low temperature and henee, it ean be considered a green chemistry approach. 

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