Hydrogen systems cooling

The products leaving the furnace, carbon black and nearly pure hydrogen, are cooled by injecting water into an ascending channel. The carbon black is separated in the collecting system. 

The ester is then fed directly to the low-pressure, vapor-phase hydrogenation system where it vaporized into an excess of hydrogen in the vaporizer (3) and fed to a fixed-bed reactor (4), containing a copper catalyst. The reaction product is cooled (5) and condensed (6) with the hydrogen being recycled by the centrifugal circulator (7). 

Direct-contact cooling may be with water or with brine. Water frequently is applied in spray columns, and most construction is in carbon steel. Brine, being contaminated and more corrosive, more often is used with packed columns and in lined systems. In any case, pressure drop is very important on the low-pressure side of a hydrogen system, in order to minimize the infiltration of air into subatmospheric zones. In this connection, sprays that are cocurrent with gas flow can actually increase the gas pressure. At least... 

Design of hydrogen coolers must provide for a steady decrease in the heat-transfer coefficient as diffusion of the remaining water to a cold surface becomes more difficult. Because of the generally higher diffusion coefficients in hydrogen systems, the effect is less marked here than in the case of chlorine cooling. 

GLOSSARY INTRODUCTION SYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS AIR-COOLED GENERATORS HYDROGEN-COOLED GENERATORS HYDROGEN/WATER-COOLED GENERATORS Excitation System Operation... 

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