Hydrogen-like ions investigation

Theoretical investigations on spatial confinement, as well as the screening effect produced by plasma environments of different coupling strengths T on the spectroscopic properties of hydrogen-like ions, have been performed... 

The most drastic change of the properties of a nucleus is obtained if all the electrons are stripped off, and such a nucleus which is stable in the presence of its electron shell may become unstable. This has been discussed in section 5.5. Special conditions exist if the nuclides have only one electron in their electron shell, e.g. a nucleus of with one electron. The investigation of such hydrogen-like ions will give valuable information about their physical properties. 

As a first approximation, each electron in a many-electron atom can be considered to have the distribution in space of a hydrogen-like electron under the action of the effective nuclear charge (Z—Ss)e, in which 5s represents the screening effect of inner electrons. In the course of a previous investigation,6 values of S5 for a large number of ions were derived. 

There seem to have been only two investigations on dediazoniations in a protic solvent, where the observed products indicate that, in addition to DN + AN solvolysis, an aryne is likely to be present as a metastable intermediate. Broxton and Bunnett (1979) have found that 3-nitroanisole is formed in the dediazoniation of 2-nitroben-zenediazonium ions in methanol in the presence of methoxide ions. This has to be interpreted as a product arising from 3-nitro-l,2-benzyne as an intermediate. The occurrence of the aryne mechanism in poly (hydrogen fluoride)-pyridine mixtures, as discovered by Olah and Welch (1975), is mentioned in Section 8.2. 

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