Hydrogen cation exchange

Reactions for Hydrogen Cation-Exchanger Resins -Regeneration Reactions... 

Calcium, Magnesium and/or Sodium-Cation Exchanger (Insoluble) + Sulfuric Acid (Soluble) = Hydrogen Cation Exchanger (Insoluble) + Calcium, Magnesium and/or Sodium Sulfates (Soluble). 

Complete the following reactions that take place with hydrogen cation-exchange resins ... 

The diacetylated ethane-1-hydrox-1,1-diphosphonic acid is prepared by dissolving the diphosphonic acid in acetic acid and adding acetic anhydride [114]. The sodium salt can be directly converted to the free acid form by passing it through an hydrogen cation exchanger. The bicyclic dimer is prepared by basic hydrolysis of diacetylated cyclic dimer, as shown in Eq. (70) ... 

Metallic cations are removed by a hydrogen cation exchanger. Anions are removed by an anion exchanger. Depending on the hookup used, the carbon... 

Similarly, the conditions needed for hydrogen-cation exchange can also be predicted (the ratio in Equation 2.54 has to be high). This can prove to be important in the treatment of acidic soils, where the quantity of the exchangeable cations can be increased and so the nutrient cycle can be improved. 

Humic substances Humic acids were obtained from brown coals (Tatabdnya, Hungary, and Steinberg, FRG) by extraction with 0.1 mol dm NaOH. After the usual purification process, the sample from Tatab ya was fractionated with NaCl as described in [32]. The total acidity (method in [32]) and elemental composition of these humic acids are listed in Table 2. Humic acid solution was made by passing Na-humate solution through a column of hydrogen cation-exchange resin. The Na-humate solution used in the experiments was made by neutralization of the humic acid solution with NaOH. 

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