Hydrogen-bonded chain formation

Fig. 30 Comparison of hydrogen-bonded chain formation in F4BIm (flat ribbons) and F4BImNN (piled stack motif essentially the same as that in Fig. 29).

In the calculations of the energy of hydration of metal complexes in the inner coordination sphere, one must consider hydrogen bond formation between the first-shell water molecules and those in bulk water, which leads to chains of hydrogen-bonded water molecules. Such hydrogen-bonded chains of ethanol molecules attached to the central metal ion have been found as a result of DFT B3LYP calculations on ethanol adducts to nickel acetylacetonate, where the calculated energy of hydrogen bonds correlated well with experimental data [90]. 

Foggasy and co-workers. In many cases, the hydrogen-bond chains form a supramolecular sheet. Thus it is strongly suggested that the chiral discrimination of racemic amines by enantiopure 9 mainly occurs through the formation of a supramolecular hydrogen-bond sheet (chain) of (9-H), which interact with the amine to discriminate its chirality. 

Figure 5.14 a) The formation of linear hydrogen bond chains transforms spherical micelles to micellar disks with hydrophobic surfaces (see text). 

Thus, for the motion of the next state along the chain it is necessary to repolarize the chain into its initial state, which can be achieved by Bjerrum-fault transfer. The semiphenomenological theory of proton transfer along the hydrogen-bonded chain of the ice-like structure, developed in Ref. 161, includes the influence of longitudinal acoustic vibrations of the chain sites on the proton subsystem. Reference 162, in which the dynamics of the ionic state formation in the hydrogen-bonded chains is considered, resembles roughly Ref. 161. 

The hydroxides, MOH, are white crystalline solids soluble in water and in alcohols. They can be sublimed unchanged at 350-400°, and the vapors consist mainly of dimers, (MOH)2. KOH at ordinary temperatures is monoclinic with each K surrounded by a distorted octahedron of O atoms while the OH groups form a zigzag hydrogen-bonded chain with O—H - 0 = 3.35A. The breaking of these bonds results in the formation of the cubic high-temperature form. 

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