Hydrocarbons alkenes and alkynes

We will return to the orbital hybridization model to discuss bonding m other aliphatic hydrocarbons—alkenes and alkynes—later m the chapter At this point how ever we 11 turn our attention to alkanes to examine them as a class m more detail... 

Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds unsaturated Ihydrocarbons have one or more multiple bonds. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons the former have carbon-carbon double bonds and the latter have triple bonds. 

While the above details provide a general procedure for handling mixtures of acidic, basic and neutral components, other selective extraction reagents may be utilised in certain special instances. For example, cold concentrated sulphuric acid will remove unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes and alkynes) present in... 

Hydrocarbons, alkenes and alkynes react with SiO to form white solids, which are stable up to 350 °C. Their structure is unknown the IR-spectrum indicates Si—O, C-H and Si—H bonds. The SiO probably reacts with the C-C double bond and also with the C-H bond ... 

When unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes and alkynes) are saturated, alkanes are produced. In this type of reaction, Ni, Pt or Pd are used as a catalyst. 

Describe umaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes and alkynes)—their structures and their nomenclature... 

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Aliphatic hydrocarbons are straight or branched chains of carbon and hydrogen. These include alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, acetylenes, and arenes. Generally, ahphatic hydrocarbons, with the exception of hexane, exhibit toxic health effects at high concentrations. Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, alkenes and alkynes, are similarly inert in the body. Examples of ahphatic hydrocarbons and their 8-hour time-weighted average TLVs are n-hexane (50 ppm), hexane (500 ppm), and octane (300 ppm). 

Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (alkanes) generally do not react with chlorosulfonic acid, although the more nucleophilic unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes and alkynes) are often reactive and may sometimes be directly sulfonated by the reagent. 

The enhanced electron density of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (alkenes and alkynes) allows them to be directly sulfonated on the terminal carbon atom by the action of chlorosulfonic acid (Equations 2 and 3). 

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