Hydrocarbon functional groups cycloalkanes

You first should decide what type of compound it is. The decision usually is straightforward for hydrocarbons, which will fall in one or the other of the categories alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, arenes, cycloalkanes, and so on. But when the compound has more than one functional group it is not always obvious which is the parent function. For example, Compound 1 could be named as an alkene (because of the double-bond function) or as an alcohol (because of the OH function) ... 

Define or identify each of the following terms (a) organic chemistry, (b) total bond order, (c) condensed formula, (d) structural formula, (e) fine formula, (/) hydrocarbon, (g) alkane, (h) aUcene, (/) alkyne, j) aromatic hydrocarbon, (k) saturated, (1) delocalized double bond, (m) isomerism, (n) cycloalkane, (o) radical, (p) functional group, (q) alcohol, (r) ether, (s) aldehyde, (f) ketone, (u) carbonyl group, and (v) ester. 

D Write, recognize, or otherwise identify (a) the structural unit, or functional group, (b) the general formula, and (c) the molecular or structural formulas and/or names of specific examples of the following classes of organic compounds alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and amides. 

We begin our study with hydrocarbons, which have the general empirical formula QHj,. Those containing only single bonds, such as methane, ethane, and propane, are called alkanes. Molecules such as cyclohexane, whose carbons form a ring, are called cycloalkanes. Alkanes lack functional groups as a result, they are relatively nonpolar and unreactive. The properties and chemistry of the alkanes are described in this chapter and in Chapters 3 and 4. 

The cycloalkanes discussed so far contain only one ring and therefore may be referred to as monocyclic alkanes. In more complex structures—the bi-, tri-, tetra-, and higher polycyclic hydrocarbons—two or more rings share carbon atoms. Many of these compounds exist in nature with various alkyl or functional groups attached. Let us look at some of the wide variety of possible structures. 

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