Hydrocarbon framework drawing

We will see later how the interpretation of organic structures as hydrocarbon frameworks supporting functional groups helps us to understand and rationalize the reactions of organic molecules. It also helps us to devise simple, clear ways of representing molecules on paper. You saw in Chapter 1 how we represented molecules on paper, and in the next section we shall teach you ways to draw (and ways not to draw) molecules—the handwriting of chemistry. This section is extremely important, because it will teach you how to communicate chemistry, clearly and simply, throughout your life as a chemist. 

When you draw diagrams like these to indicate the three-dimensional shape of the molecule, try to keep the hydrocarbon framework in the plane of the paper and allow functional groups and other branches to project forwards out of the paper or backwards into it,... 

Now that we have considered how to draw structures, we can return to some of the structural types that we find in organic molecules. Firstly, we ll talk about hydrocarbon frameworks, then about functional groups. 

Draw good diagrams of saturated hydrocarbons with seven carbon atoms having (a) linear, (b) branched, and (c) cyclic frameworks. Draw molecules based on each framework having both ketone and carboxylic acid functional groups. 

Draw full structures for these compounds, displaying the hydrocarbon framework clearly and showing all the bonds in the functional groups. Name the functional groups. 

These three hydrocarbons all have the same molecular formula. We can see their different structural features by highlighting the carbon framework in two dimensions. Easy-to-draw stick structures that use lines for all carbon—carbon covalent bonds can also be used. 

Within the framework of an EBO model, the essential difference between the two parts of a hydrocarbon PE spectrum can be easily rationalized, e.g. with reference to the results stemming from an B-model. Taking propane, C3H8, as an example, we draw from Figure 5 the following conclusions, which prove to be generally valid for all saturated hydrocarbons ... 

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