Hybridization to DNA

Leary, J.J., Waldrop, A.A., and Ward, D.C. (1983) Rapid and sensitive colorimetric method for visualizing biotin-labeled DNA probes hybridized to DNA or RNA immobilized on nitrocellulose Bio-blots. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 4045 1049. 

Figure 2. R loops formed by mRNA from a K-producing plasmacytoma hybridized to DNA from the same tumor. An R loop is formed when mRNA hybridizes to the complementary DNA strand, displacing the sense DNA strand. In this example, two R loops are formed, one containing C and the other V region sequences. These two loops are separated by a double-stranded intron of -3.7 kb. The tail extending from the C region R loop presumably consists of the poly(A) segment of the mRNA. (Photograph reproduced with permission from Seidman and Leder, 1978 diagram modified from same figure.)...

Belosludtsev, Y., et al. Nearly instantaneous, cation-independent, high selectivity nucleic acid hybridization to DNA microarrays. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2001,282 (5), p. 1263-1267. 

Wash away labeled DNA that does not hybridize to DNA bound to filter... 

Hybridization is a technique used to identify the presence of a gene on a particular DNA fragment. This technique is based on the fact that complementary DNA sequences will hydrogen bond, or hybridize, to one another. In fact, even RNA can be used in hybridization studies. RNA can hybridize to DNA molecules or to other RNA molecules. 

The sequence of PNA oligomers is written from amine terminus to carboxy terminus. The conventional peptide symbols H- to designate amine terminus and -NH2 for carboxy-terminal amide may be included but are not common. The amine terminus of PNA is analogous to the 5 -hydroxyl of DNA. Although PNA has been found to hybridize to DNA and RNA in both the parallel and antiparallel modes, optimal binding is antiparallel to the oligonucleotide target [4]. 

Nielsen KE, Singh SK, Wengel J, Jacobsen JP (2000) Solution stmcture of an LNA hybridized to DNA NMR study of the d(CT GCT T CT GC) d(GCAGAAGCAG) duplex containing four locked nucleotides. Bioconjug Chem 11 228-238... 

In studies with normal cells, unlabeled HnRNA is hybridized to DNA on filters, which are then washed and reexposed to radioactively labeled cytoplasmic mRNA. If identical sequences are present in the two fractions then hybridization of the labeled species will be inhibited since the relevant DNA sites will have already been filled. This technique of competitive hybridization has shown that some sequences in HnRNA are also present in mRNA (e.g., Soeiro and Darnell, 1970). However, the conditions used in most of these experiments have only allowed the hybridization of RNA to the highly reiterated fraction of DNA, in which certain DNA sequences are present in thousands of similar, nonidentical copies (Britten and Kohne, 1968). It is therefore possible that the competing RNA sequences are also similar, but not necessarily identical, and in any case may represent only a small fraction of the total sequences. This difficulty has to some extent been overcome by using more stringent conditions which allow hybrids to form between RNA and the less frequent DNA sequences (Scherrer et ah, 1970 Darnell et ah, 1970). Again, evidence has been obtained for a precursor-product relationship between HnRNA and cytoplasmic mRNA. 

The data published so far are contradictory. Delovitch and Baglioni, who measured initial rates of hybridization to DNA of mRNA for mouse L chains, estimated that the number of plus C genes is less than 40. Contrasting results were reported by Premkumar et al. (28), who utilized mRNA for mouse H chains, isolated as described above (27). The curve describing the rate of hybridization was found to be It is uncertain whether this occurs in vivo. 

Dentinger PM, Simmons BA, Cruz E, Sprague M (2006) DNA-mediated delivery of lipophilic molecules via hybridization to DNA-based vesicular aggregates. Langmuir 22 2935-2937... 

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