Hybrid polymers structures

The chemistry which is involved in the "graft" and "in situ" procedures and the structures of the hybrid polymers which are formed remain to be elucidated. However, there is no doubt that these procedures are useful ones. We have used them also to form new and useful hybrid preceramic polymers from the Yajima polycarbosilane which contains a plurality of [CH3Si(H)CH2l units [14]. 

There are several options by which the composition, structure and properties of the hybrid polymers can be varied ... 

Polyoxometalates are important catalysts but they are also finding application in optical, electrical, and magnetic devices. Mixed-metal polyoxometalates with vanadium(V) in the polyoxoanion core confers enhanced properties to such structures, principally in their ability to form essentially infinite networks that can be utilized as coatings or as other thin film materials. Additionally, these materials have tunable electromagnetic and photochromic properties. In combination with organic polymers, so-called hybrid polymers, special electrochemical properties are conferred, making possible such electrical storage devices such as capacitors and batteries that utilize the redox properties of the polyoxometalate [7],... 

The formation and equilibrium structure of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites, in particular with organically modified layered silicates, has been shown to be a strong function of the nature of the polymer (polar or apolar), the charge carrying capacity of the layered silicate, as well as the chain length and structure of the cationic surfactant. However, both the polymer/silicate compatibility and hybrid equilibrium structure for these nanocomposites are observed to be independent of polymer molecular weight. The experimental results have been summarized by Vaia et al. and a lattice based mean field theory has been developed to explain these results [26]. 

Modification of poly(carbodiimide) foams with polyols afford hybride foams containing urethane sections. However, the thermal stabilities of the poly (urethane carbodiimide) foams are lower. Using isocyanate trimerization catalysts, such as l,3,5-tris(3-dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydro-s-triazine, in combination with the phospholene oxide catalyst gives poly(isocyanurate carbodiimide) foams with improved high temperature properties. The cellular poly(carbodiimide) foams derived from PMDI incorporate six-membered ring structures in their network polymer structure. ... 

A similar approach was followed by Couet et al. [69] who fimctionahzed peptide Ghadiri rings on 3 sites with ATRP initiators, which were subsequently used for the polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide. These hybrid polymer peptide structures were capable of forming peptide nanotubes, which were homogeneously covered by the attached polymer. 

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