Hybrid liquid membrane model

Kislik, V., Eyal, A. (2000). Aqueous hybrid liquid membrane process for metal separation. Part I. A model for transport kinetics and its experimental verification. J. Membr. Sci., 169, 119-32. 

Figure 5 t Schematic transport models of a bulk organic hybrid liquid membrane (BOHLM) system with (A, D) hydrophobic membranes and (B, E) hydrophilic or ion-exchange membranes. From Ref. [2] with permission. 

The extreme sensitivity of the visible absorption spectrum to small changes in the surrounding medium has made this betaine dye a useful molecular probe in the study of micellar systems [298, 299, 443-445], mieroemulsions and phospholipid bilayers [299], model liquid membranes [300], polymers [301, 446], organic-inorganie polymer hybrids [447], sol-gel matrices [448], surfaee polarities [449-451], and the retention behaviour in reversed-phase liquid chromatography [302]. Using polymer membranes with embedded betaine dyes, even an optical alcohol sensor has been developed [452]. 

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