How does Electromagnetic Radiation Interact with Matter

How does Electromagnetic Radiation interact with Matter  

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction of radiant energy (hght) with matter. We know from quantum mechanics that energy is really just a form of matter, and that all matter exhibits the properties of both waves and particles. However, matter composed of molecules, atoms, or ions, which exists as solid or liquid or gas, exhibits primarily the properties of particles. Spectroscopy studies the interaction of light with matter defined as materials composed of molecules or atoms or ions. 

In a gas, atoms or molecules are widely separated from each other in hquids and solids, the atoms or molecules are closely associated. In solids, the atoms or molecules may be arranged in a highly ordered array, called a crystal, as they are in many minerals, or they may be randomly arranged, or amorphous, as they are in many plastics. Whatever their physical state or arrangement atoms, molecules, and ions are in constant motion. For molecules, many types of motion are involved. Molecules can rotate, vibrate, and translate 

T3fpe of transition Spectroscopic method Wavelength range 

Bonding electron energy, valence UV/VIS spectroscopy 180-800nm 

2 How Does Electromagnetic Radiation Interact with Matter  

Type of Transition Spectroscopic Method Wavelength Range 

Spin of nuclei in a magnetic field Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 0.5-10 m 

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