Hot-stage optical microscopy

The overall rate of crystallization is determined by both the rate of nuclei formation and by the crystal growth rate. The maximum crystal growth rate lies at temperatures of between 170 and 190 °C [71, 72], as does the overall crystallization rate [51, 61, 75], The former is measured using hot stage optical microscopy while the latter is quantified by the half-time of crystallization. Both are influenced by the rate of nucleation on the crystal surface and the rate of diffusion of polymer chains to this surface. It has been shown that the spherulite growth rate decreases with increasing molecular weight due to the decrease in the rate of diffusion of molecules to this surface [46, 50, 55, 71, 74],... 

This is a serious misnomer as these inert constituents of pitch are certainly not inert during the carbonization processes. It is well-established that the size of the optical texture of a coke can be reduced by the presence within the pitch of primary QI material (102-105). The QI material within the pitch becomes adsorbed on the surfaces of the growth units of mesophase. This thereby prohibits coalescence of these growth units into the larger sized optical textures. When this process is viewed by hot-stage optical microscopy (106) this lack of coalescence is seen to reduce markedly the flow characteristics of the mesophase - it becomes almost static. 

AndjeUc, S., Jamiolkowski, D. D., McDivitt, J., Fischer, J. and Zhou, Spher-ulitic growth rates and morphology of absorbable poly(p>-dioxanone) ho-mop>ol3mier and its copol3mier by hot stage optical microscopy, J. Polym. Sd. Polym. Phys. Ed., 39, 3073, 2001. 

Thermomicroscopy is the direct observation of a sample (usually) by optical microscopy (often with polarised light) as a function of temperature [1]. Frequently called hot-stage (optical) microscopy , this is a relatively common... 

Reel] [1967Ree2] XRD, hot stage optical microscopy 1085°C isothermal section, CaO-FeO-Fc203. liquidus surface. 

Isotactic Shell Chem. Co. 180 (5 min) 65 1192 Hot stage optical microscopy 251... 

Hot stage optical microscopy other results in this paper including crystallinities... 

Poly(ethylene)/isotactic poly(propylene) 125.4 265.4 Hot stage optical microscopy 275... 

M = 600x 10 51.7 31.00x103 Hot stage optical microscopy selected 295... 

Hot stage optical microscopy nucleation rates listed in text... 

Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene-1 -4-phenylene) 190 0.0833 Hot stage optical microscopy 310... 

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