Hormonema

Differentiated from Hormonema spp. by the production of conidia in a synchronous manner. Differentiated from Phaeococcomyces spp. by the lack of dematiaceous yeast cells. 

Hormonema species occasionally are confused with Aureoba-sidium spp. In the genus Hormonema, the conidia arise in a basipetal succession from either hyaline or dematiaceous hyphalike conidiogenous cells. In contrast, A. pullulans produces its conidia in a synchronous manner. Because of the confusion which has surrounded these two genera, some of the reported cases of infection ascribed to A. pullulans may have been caused by misidentified isolates of Hormonema spp. This speculation is based upon the fact that several authors have illustrated Hormonema spp. under the name Aureobasidium. 

Filip P Weber RW, Sterner O, Anke T, Hormonemate, a new cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing compound from the endophytic fungus Hormonema dema-tioides. I. Identification of the producing strain, and isolation and biological properties of hormonemate, Z Naturforsch 58 547—552, 2003. 

Polishook JD et al., Pteussomerin D from the endophyte Hormonema dema-tioides, Mycologia 85 62—64, 1993. 

Hormonema dematioides is a very similar dimorphic fungus, but can be differentiated from A. pullulans by the absence of synchronous conidiation, by different physiological profiles and genotypic approaches like RAPD-PCR [151]. It is also occasionally pathogenic in humans [262]. 

Botrytis allii converted (+)-pulegone (119) to (-)-(l/ )-8-hydroxy-4-p-menthen-3-one (121) and piperitenone (112) (Miyazawa et al., 1991a, 1991b). Hormonema isolate (UOFS Y-0067) quantitatively reduced (+)-pulegone (119) and (-)-menthone (149a) to (+)-neomenthol (137a) (van Dyk et al., 1998) (Figure 14.125). 

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