Homogeneous reaction with open sequence

Mathematical formulation of a homogeneous reaction with open sequence... 

Non-chain reactions are also called open sequence reactions, this adjective possibly better indicates their fundamental difference with closed sequence reactions, to which category so-called chain reactions and catalytic reactions belong, whether they are homogeneous or heterogeneous. 

Homogeneous catalysis is observed in a large number of organic solution reactions. A homogeneous catalyst reacts with the substrate to form an intermediate in the first step of a sequence of several reaction steps leading to the product. In such a way, catalysis opens a reaction pathway with a sufficiently low energy barrier which is not otherwise available. 

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