Homo-aggregation

Scheme 3.6-2. Homo-aggregation of lithium amide rings showing the general preference for ladder, as opposed to stack, structures.

A possible approach is proposed to the general formulation of the links between the basic characteristics, levels of approximation, and levels of abstraction related to the existence of finely dispersed systems (DS) [11]. At first, for simplicity and easy physical and mathematical modeling, it is convenient to introduce the terms homo-aggregate (phases in the same state of aggregation [HQA]) and hetero-aggregate (phases in a more than one state of aggregation [HEA]). Now the... 

Part III deals with homo-aggregate finely dispersed systems and contains chapters about emulsions, dispersoids, and liquid-hquid dispersions. Oldshue presents a brief chapter on non-Newtonian aspects of emulsification. The following chapter by Spasic, Lazarevic, and Krstic discusses a new theory of electroviscoelasticity using different mathematical tools. Then, a review of... 

The third aspect, homo- and/or heteroaggregation, concerns the homogeneity of the evolving aggregates. Only a few colloidal suspensions with industrial relevance contain just one particulate phase (e.g. CMP slurries) more typical are products that are composed of several dispersed phases (e.g. ceramic slurries, paints, or food products). Therefore, distinction should be made between the aggregation of different components (heteroaggregation) and that within one dispersed phase (homo-aggregation). 

Co-polymerizations and homo-polymerizations of monomers such as dienes or 4-methylene dioxolan, in which two or more types of ion may propagate simultaneously, are further examples of enieidic polymerizations. These dienes, of course, also provide examples of eniedic radical and anionic polymerizations. Indeed the idea of dieidic polymerization has been suggested by several authors in relation to anionic polymerizations it arose from the aggregation in solution of the lithium alkyls [135], and similar phenomena. 

The interpretation of formation of homo- (or hetero-) conjugated acid BH+B by proton transfer from the intermediate and the electrophilically catalysed departure of the nucle-ofuge due to this aggregate is common to this and to the dimer mechanism and they can be formulated as essentially the same, and as reflecting different parts of a spectrum of methods for the formation of the second intermediate153. For a given nucleophile, dimer formation increases with increase of concentration, hence the relative importance that reaction via a dimer should increase with increasing nucleophile concentration. 

---