Hofman degradation

A. (1994) Hofman degradation of strong base anion exchange resin. Proceedings of the 68th Autumn Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan, Nagoya October 1994,... 

Faltis, Wagner, and Adler (93) repeated the synthesis and resolution of laureline by the same route and reported essentially the same results throughout. They also confirmed the properties of the products of a Hofman degradation. They furthermore synthesized XXXV, which they termed isolaureline, by using 3,4-methylenedioxyphenethylamine and 2-nitro-5-methoxyphenylacetic acid. The cZZ-base (m.p. 109-110°) upon resolution with the tartaric acids yielded Z- and cZ-isolaureline (m.p. 108-109°) [a] +39°. 

The Hofman degradation has been applied to mangle gum, and a variety of fragments were obtained on borohydride ion reduction and acidic hydrolysis of the product. The same fragments were obtained on the Barry degradation of the Hofman-degraded product. The results supported the earlier conclusions about the structure of the gum. 

Potassium/tert-buianol Hofman degradation of quaternary ammonium salts... 

The Hofman reaction on polyacrylamide is not a good method of preparing poly(vinyl amine). Nevertheless, it has been shown that with a small excess of NaOCl in a high concentration of sodium hydroxide at low temperature, it is possible to push the degree of amination of > 90%. The excess of NaOCl causes some degradation, but this is minimized if the temperature is controlled. The Mannich reaction of polyacrylamide with formaldehyde and dimethylamine has been studied with the aid of C n.m.r. Reaction rates, equilibria, and mechanism for the base-catalysed reaction were characterized. ... 

Stability of SLM Systems. Hofman et al. (41) have presented results of a pilot-scale SLM unit, which also addresses important aspects of membrane degradation. Instability of the SLMs was noted to be a major disadvantage and a solution to the problem was suggested for a uranyl nitrate system... 

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