History of Conjugated Conducting Polymers

It has been known for more than 40 years that the electronic conductivity of conjugated organic polymer chains, is orders of magnitude higher than that of other polymeric materials [7-9] although they are not metallic, however, the possibility of producing polymers 

Self-Doped Conducting Folymers M.S. Freund and B.A. Deore 2007 John Wiley 8c Sons, Ltd 

An organic polymer that possesses the electrical and optical properties of a metal while retaining its mechanical properties and processability, is termed an intrinsically conducting polymer (ICP). These properties 

In conjugated conducting polymers , the redox sites are delocalized over a conjugated n system however, redox polymers have localized 

More recently, there has been growing interest in a new type of redox polymer that is a hybrid of materials from conjugated organic polymers and group (ii), referred to as conjugated metallopolymers [30, 31]. Examples include metal complexes of poly(2,2 -bipyridine) 7 and the polyferrocenes 8. The key feature of this class of material is that the metal is coordinated directly to the conjugated backbone of the polymer, or forms a link in the backbone, such that there is an electronic interaction between the electroactive metal centers and the electroactive polymer backbone. This can enhance electron transport in the polymer, enhance its electrocatalytic activity, and lead to novel electronic and electrochemical properties. 

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