Histoplasmosis acute disseminated

Disseminated histoplasmosis Acute (Infantile) Subacute Progressive histoplasmosis (immunocompetent patients and immunosuppressed patients without AIDS) 0.02-0.05 Disseminated histoplasmosis Untreated mortality 83% to 93% relapse 5% to 23% in non-AIDS patients therapy is recommended tor all patients Nonimmunosuppressedpatients Ketoconazole 400 mj day orally x 6-12 months or amphotericin B 35 mg/kg IV Immunosuppressed patients (non-AIDS) or endocarditis or CNS disease Amphotericin B >35 mg/kg x 3 months followed by fluconazole or itraconazole 200 mg orally twice daily x 12 months Life-threatening disease Amphotericin B 0.7-1 mg/kg/day IV for a total dosage of 35 mj kg over 2-4 months once the patient is afebrile, able to take oral medications, and no longer requires blood pressure or ventilatory support therapy can be changed to itraconazole 200 mg orally twice daily for 6-18 months Non-life-threatening disease Itraconazole 200-400 mg orally daily for 6-18 months fluconazole therapy 400-800 mg daily should be reserved for patients intolerant to itraconazole, and the development of resistance can lead to relapses... 

Acute (infantile) disseminated histoplasmosis is seen in infants and young children and (rarely) in adults with Hodgkin s disease or other lympho-... 

Adult patients with AIDS demonstrate an acute form of disseminated disease that resembles the syndrome seen in infants and children. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) can occur as the direct result of initial infection or because of the reactivation of dormant foci. In endemic areas, 50% of AIDS patients demonstrate PDH as the first manifestation of their disease. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is characterized by fever (75% of patients), weight loss, chills, night sweats, enlargement of the spleen, liver, or lymph nodes, and anemia. Pulmonary symptoms occur in only one-third of patients and do not always correlate with the presence of infiltrates on chest roentgenogram. A clinical syndrome resembling septicemia is seen in approximately 25% to 50% of patients. 

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