High monomer versatility

Molecular alkoxyamines based on TEMPO and detiva-tives or sgi also received great interest regarding miniemulsion NMP. For the polymerization of styrene initiated by the styryl-TEMPO alkoxyamine, adequate experimental conditions led to narrow molar mass distributions (PDI 1.3) and high monomer convetsions. With nBA at 135 C upon the addition of ascorbic add, the miniemulsion polymerization conducted to rather high PDls compared to previous results with the TIPNO-OH nitroxide. The more versatile SGl-based oil-soluble alkoxyamine (MONAMS)... 

The addition polymerization of diisocyanates with macroglycols to produce urethane polymers was pioneered in 1937 (1). The rapid formation of high molecular weight urethane polymers from Hquid monomers, which occurs even at ambient temperature, is a unique feature of the polyaddition process, yielding products that range from cross-linked networks to linear fibers and elastomers. The enormous versatility of the polyaddition process allowed the manufacture of a myriad of products for a wide variety of appHcations. 

Acrylic and methacrylic acids and their esters are highly versatile materials in that the acid and ester side groups can partake in a variety of reactions to produce a very large number of polymerisable monomers. One particularly interesting approach is that in which two methacrylic groupings are linked together so that there are two, somewhat distant, double bonds in the molecule. In these cases it is possible to polymerise through each of these double bonds separately and this will lead eventually to a cross-linked network structure. 

A variety of polymer compositions that use this type of polymerization chemistry can be envisioned. In addition to the polyarylate homopolymers that have been described in this chapter, random or block copolymers can be prepared with reasonable ease by the combination of different monomers or oligomers. These compositions can be designed to optimize thermal, mechanical, dielectric, or optical properties of a polymer system. Also, the trifluorovinyl ether functionality can be incorporated into other high-performance polymer systems with relative ease.34,35 The perfluorocyclobutane polyarylate chemistry is a versatile approach to the preparation of high-performance polymers, which is just beginning to demonstrate its utility. 

The ring-expansion carbonylation of epoxides is the most widely studied field in the epoxide carbonylation chemistry since the product lactones are highly attractive targets particularly, /1-lactones are useful compounds due to their versatility in organic synthesis [ 14,15] as well as their utilization as monomers to produce poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s, naturally occurring biodegradable polyesters [16-19]. 

CHDM is thus a highly versatile monomer for producing polyesters that can be tailored to achieve a wide range of physical properties for a broad range of end-use applications. 

Of equally high industrial potential as intermediate chemicals are the various HMF-derived products for which well-worked-out, large-scale adaptable production protocols are available. Of these, the 5-hydroxymethyl-furoic acid, the 2,5-dicar-boxylic acid, the 1,6-diamine, and the respective 1,6-diol (framed in Scheme 2.12) are the most versatile intermediate chemicals of high industrial potential, as they represent six-earbon monomers that could replace adipic acid, alkyldiols, or hexamethy-lenediamine in the production of polyamides and polyesters. 

The two cationic dyes, Py+ as a donor and Ox" as an acceptor, were found to be very versatile for demonstrating photonic antenna functionalities for light harvesting, transport, and capturing, as illustrated in Fig. 7. They can be incorporated into zeolite L by means of ion exchange, where they are present as monomers because of the restricted space. In this form they have a high fluorescence quantum yield and favourable spectral properties. The insertion of the dyes can be visualised by means of fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence anisotropy of Ox -loaded zeolite L has recently been investigated in detail by conventional and by confocal microscopy techniques [15],... 

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