Heparin antagonists

If administration of this drug is necessary, the nurse monitors the patient s blood pressure and pulse rate every 15 to 30 minutes for 2 hours or more after administration of the heparin antagonist. The nurse immediately reports to the primary health care provider any sudden decrease in blood pressure or increase in the pulse rate The nurse observes the patient for new evidence of bleeding until blood coagulation tests are within normal limits. To replace blood loss, the primary health care provider may order blood transfusions or fresh frozen plasma... 

Rhena-/3-ketoimine derivatives of several selected 2-ethylamino compounds have been prepared (36). These amines include 2-chloroethyl-amine (a DNA-alkylating reagent), cystamine ( a heparin antagonist), histamine (a potent vasodilator), tryptamine and O-methylserotonin (two indole alkaloids), and 0,0-dimethyldopamine (an adrenergic drug derivative). 

S S -tetrabromophenolphthalein disodium salt Heparin antagonist [1301-21-9] C20H10Bl4°4 2Na... 

Protamine, a basic protein from the testes of fish of the salmon family, e.g. Salmo and Onchorhynchus species (see insulin, page 417), is a heparin antagonist, which may be used to counteract haemorrhage caused by overdosage of heparin. 

Indications Heparin overdose Category Heparin antagonist Half-life 2 hours... 

Protamine sulfate, a heparin antagonist, is used in heparin overdose (see also Table 17). 

White, hygroscopic, amorphous polymer. Soluble in water up to 10%. pH of 1% saline soln 5-9. Stable in soln and when autoclaved. Polymers with mol wt of 5000-10,000 have LDh i.v. in mice of 25-40 mg/kg. Ref Kimura et at., Toxicol Appl. Pharmacol. 1, 185 (1959), therap cat Heparin antagonist. 

The sulfated polysaccharide, heparin, is used as a powerful anticoagulant and acts by inhibiting one of the later stages in the interaction cascades leading to clot development (20, ij). This action is intimately associated with the negative charge on the molecule, for a number of other sulfated polysaccharides are also effective (43-45), and polysaccharides and synthetic polymers with quartemary ammonium functions act as heparin antagonists (46). 

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