Helmoltz free energy

The free energy at constant volume is called the Helmoltz free energy (A.4) or maximum work function and is given by Equation (3). It is the difference between the free energies of products and reactants when a reaction occurs in a closed vessel. There is no change in volume, so no work is done against an applied pressure. 

A molar Helmoltz free energy, molar Helmholtz... 

Zi2 is Helmoltz free energy relating the free energy required to remove a solute molecule from a polymer matrix at infinite dilution to that required to remove the same molecule from the pure solute at the same temperature. Sf has thus an unambiguous thermodynamic drfinition via eqn (5.39 ). It is then necessary to establish if there is a relationship between and Sg estimated by conventional procedures. 8 is measured at colunm temperature while most 82 values are reported at 25°C. A correction must therefore be made to bring both values to the same temperature. 

From the Helmoltz free energy versus volume curves, equilibrium lines between the three phases (5-Pu, 5 -Pu and 6-Pu ) are calculated and the phase diagram plotted. The corresponding GGA and LDA+U phase diagrams are reported in figures 2 and 3 and could be compared to the experimental pressure-temperature diagram drawn in figure 1. 

Since AG is related to changes in the Helmoltz free energy, AH, and entropy, AS, by the equation... 

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