Helmholtz dimers

The stability of all dimers was assessed by temperature-induced unfolding experiments monitored by circular dichroism spectroscopy in the absence of guanidinium hydrochloride. It was therefore possible to derive the standard free energy of unfolding from data fitting using the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (15.1) adapted to a two state monomer-dimer equilibrium. 

Fig. 4.5 A cyclic process relating the Gibbs (or Helmholtz) energy of dimerization in two phases to the solvation Gibbs (or Helmholtz) energies of the monomer s and the dimer. ...

Our aim here is not to make a detailed comparison of the various parametrizations which have been proposed for the potential of mean torque. Instead we wish to illustrate the nature of the results which can be obtained with models which include all of the conformations for the dimer, suitably weighted [78]. The calculations proceed in an analogous manner to the generic model for example to determine the N-I transition temperature it is necessary to determine when the molar Helmholtz free energy of the isotropic phase... 

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