Height histogram

Fig. 3.10. World War One cadets from Connecticut Agricultural College arranged to form a height histogram. Photograph from A. Blakeslee (1914).

Figure 7. Amplitude distribution curves and height histograms used for surface texture parameters determinations for Epiclon-derived Pis. Each insert shows corresponding 3x3 pm bidimensional topographical image...

Table 4. Surface texture parameters for polyimides PI1-PI5 calculated form height histograms, amplitude distribution curves and angular spectra...

Fig. 56. A comparison of local and average measurements during hydrogen loading, (i) Height histogram. Changes in the (ii) topographical and (iii) transmittance histograms. The peak values and FWHM values of both the topography (A in ii) and transmittance (A in iii) are used to compare the local dynamic behavior in terms of phase coexistence (B in ii) and optical transmittance (B in iii) (Kerssemakers et al., 2002b).

Figure 18.4 Examples of step height histograms on fivefold surfaces of icosahedral QCs. (a) Frequency of step heights on i-AI-Cu-Fe [127]. The ideal values, based on the bulk structure and the surface structure determination, are 2.40, 3.99, and...

Fig. 5.17 Histogram of the normal modes calculated for a polyalanine polypeptide in an a-helical conformation. The height of each bar indicates the number of normal modes in each 50cm section.

Fig. 2.7-2 Histogram of prohahiiay distribution generated hy Monte Carlo simulation. The height of each bar is the number of counts in the interval...

Fig. 8.3. Histogram of work values for Jarzynski s identity applied to the double-well potential, V(x) = x2(x — a)2 + x, with harmonic guide Vpun(x, t) = k(x — vt)2/2, pulled with velocity v. Using skewed momenta, we can alter the work distribution to include more low-work trajectories. Langevin dynamics on Vtot(x(t),t) = V(x(t)) + Upuii(x(t)yt) with JcbT = 1, k = 100, was run with step size At = 0.001, and friction constant 7 = 0.2 (in arbitrary units). We choose v = 4 and a = 4, so that the barrier height is many times feT and the pulling speed far from reversible. Trajectories were run for a duration t = 1000. Work histograms for 10,000 trajectories, for both equilibrium (Maxwell) initial momenta, with zero average and unit variance, and a skewed distribution with zero average and a variance of 16.0...

Fig. 4 The histograms of the fluorescence intensity (ratio red/green) for the secretory cells (the amount of cells fluorescing in green 520-540 nm) of developing leaf from Achillea millefolium. Upper histograms - leaf without developing secretory cells lower histograms - after the appearence of secretory cells. (The amount of red fluorescing cells on the leaf surface decreased as can be seen from smaller heights of histograms).

For each wind speed value (v) from the cut-in (ci) to the cut-out (co) phase of the WTG, the product of its corresponding power output (Pv) multiplied by the time Hv (in hours) during which value v appears in a year is calculated. The sum of these products gives the annual energy production (WEY). Wind speed values are referred to the hub height of the turbine. The power output values, which compose the power curve of a WTG, are provided by the turbine manufacturer. Hv values are calculated from the annual distribution (or the histogram) of the wind speed values. 

In the histogram method, Figure 19.6, the area under the response curve is the sum of the rectangular areas whose heights are the nc individual measured responses... 

As mentioned in the previous paragraphs, to define an atomic environment they used the maximum gap rule. The Brunner-Schwarzenbach method was considered, in which all interatomic distances between an atom and its neighbours are plotted in a histogram such as those shown in Fig. 3.17. The height of the bars is proportional to the number of neighbours, and all distances are expressed as reduced values relative to the shortest distance. In the specific case of CsCl, having a = 411.3 pm,... 

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