Heart thiamin deficiency affecting

Thiamin Deficiency Affects the Nervous System Heart... 

Historically, thiamin deficiency affecting the peripheral nervous system (beriberi) was a major public health problem in South-East Asia following the introduction of the steam-powered mill that made highly polished (thiamin-depleted) rice widely available. There are still sporadic outbreaks of deficiency among people whose diet is rich in carbohydrate and poor in thiamin. More commonly, thiamin deficiency affecting the heart and central nervous system is a problem in people with an excessive consumption of alcohol - to the extent that there was it was seriously suggested in Australia at one time that thiamin should be added to beer. 

Together with the fall in pymvate dehydrogenase, there is a fall in the concentration of ATP in the heart, although the ATPiADP ratio in most tissues is not affected by thiamin deficiency (McCandless et al., 1970). 

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B, is fairly ubiquitous. Thiamine deficiency is uncommon except in alcoholics as a result of nutritional deficiencies and malabsorption. The classic clinical triad of dementia, ataxia (difficulty with walking), and eye findings may be seen, but more commonly, only forgetfulness is noted. Sometimes, thiamine deficiency can lead to vague symptoms such as leg numbness or tingling. Because thiamine is water soluble, it can be added to intravenous fluids and administered in that way. Other manifestations include beri beri, which is cardiac involvement leading to a high cardiac output, and vasodilation. Affected patients often feel warm and flushed, and they can have heart failure. 

Beriberi is a neurological and cardiovascular disorder that is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (also called vitamin Bj). It has been a serious health problem in Asia and continues to be in those places where rice is the main staple food. The problem is exacerbated if the rice is dehusked (polished) because only the outer layers of the seeds contain appreciable amounts of thiamine. Beriberi also occurs in some malnourished chronic alcoholics, so to avoid this problem in some countries certain alcohol-containing drinks are fortified with thiamine. Beriberi is characterized by pain in the limbs, weak muscles, abnormal skin sensation, and an enlarged heart with inadequate cardiac output. Which biochemical processes are affected by thiamine deficiency ... 

The severe deficiency of thiamine produces the disease called Beriberi, which affects the brain, heart, and nerves. This disease is prevalent in the Orient because of the abundance of rice they consume. The rice has been milled which strips the rice of thiamine. 

Initially, Keshan disease was thought to be a deficiency disease alone, involving inadequate intakes of Se and also of Mo, Mg, and thiamin. However, seasonal variations in symptoms suggested that at least one other interacting factor was likely involved. Later, an enterovirus and a Coxsackie virus (strain B4) were isolated from affected individuals. The same Coxsackie virus was able to produce severe heart pathology in mice when they were fed Se-deficient grain from Keshan endemic areas. 

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