Harwell technique

Under mist or mist-annular flow conditions, such as that illustrated in Fig. 13.4.1, one can use the Harwell technique to get a rough estimate of the average drop size (UKAEA, 1980). 

Cains, P.W., 1999. Chiral Crystallization. In SPS Crystallization Manual, Volume 5, Part 5.1 Novel Crystallization Techniques, Harwell, UK. 

General Reeebences Lemlich (ed.). Adsorptive Bubble Separation Techniques, Academic, New York, 1972. Garleson, Adsorptive Buhhle Separation Processes in Scamehom and Harwell (eds.), Surfactant-Based Separation Processes, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1989. 

Hewitt, G. F, H. A. Kearsey, P. M. C. Lacey, and D. J. Pulling, 1965 1966, Burnout and Film Flow in the Evaluation of Boiling Water in Tubes, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. 180 (Part 3C) 206-215. (5) Hewitt, G. F., R. D. King, and P. C. Lovegrove, 1962, Techniques for Liquid Film and Pressure Drop Studies in Annular Two-Phase Flow, Rep. AERE-R-3921, UK AERE, Harwell, England. (3) Hewitt, G. F., and N. S. Hall Taylor, 1970, Annular Two-Phase Flow. Pergamon Press, Oxford. (5)... 

Due to the complexity and cost of the technique no water laboratory in the UK has its own facilities for carrying out neutron activation analysis. Instead, samples are sent to one of the organizations that possess the facilities, e.g. the Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell or the Joint Manchester-Liverpool University Reactor located at Risley. 

H9. Hewitt, G. F., King, R. D., and Lovegrove, P. C., Techniques for liquid film and pressure drop studies in annular two-phase flow. At. Energy Ret. Eslab. 0Gl. Brit.) Harwell AERE-R 3921 (1962). 

Nicholson, A., Long, S.E., McEwen, I. and Sparkes, S.T. (1990) The development of a speciation technique for uranium in the environment. AERE R13436, AEA Environment and Technology, Harwell Laboratory, Oxon, UK, 22 pp. 

Pollard, P.M. (1985) A survey of the current potential analytical techniques for the speciation of radionuclides in nuclear waste repository groundwaters and simulation leachates. AERE R.11496. UKAEA Harwell, Oxon, UK, 41 pp. 

D. E. Williams, C.C. Naish, Introduction to the A.C. Impedence Technique and its Applica tion to Corrosion Problems, HL 85/1066 (C14), Materials Development Division, AERE Harwell, 1985. 

McMahon, W A critical intercomparison of techniques for the determination of low levels of long lived radionuclides. AERE R 13617, Harwell Laboratory, Oxfordshire, U.K. (1989). 

Turnbull, A. H. Surface Ionisation Techniques in Mass Spectrometry, AERE Report 4295, Harwell 1963... 

Many novel electrophoretic devices and techniques have been proposed for continuous electrophoretic separations such as the velocity-stabilized Biostream/Harwell device (9-11), the recycle continuous-flow electrophoresis device (12-14), Bier s isoelectric focusing technique (15),... 

Rorter, F. M., and Greenhalgh, D. A. "Application of the Laser Optical Technique GARS to Heat Transfer and Gombustion." AERE Harwell report no AERE-R-11824, AERE Harwell, UK, May 1985. 

Reynolds. W. N. (1986). Nondestructive testing techniques for metal-matrix composites. Harwell Report No. AERE-R-13040, UK. 

Work with transuranic metals thus involves not only special bryogenic techniques but also the use of elaborate facilities. The work described in the present paper was therefore carried out jointly by G. T. Meaden of the Clarendon Laboratory and J. A. Lee of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell. 

These developments were all based on the dropping mercury electrode and in each case the central feature is the instrument which is the embodiment of the technique. The developments of Barker are particularly significant because his was the first electronic instrument and because it was soon commercialized by Mervyn Instruments as the Mervyn-Harwell Square Wave Polarograph. A photograph of this instrument is shown in Figure 2. This pattern was to prove increasingly important because the electronic implementation of pulse voltammetric techniques required expertise and time outside the reach of the average scientist. Thus the use of these techniques would depend on the availability at an acceptable price of reliable commercial instruments. 

The pulse polarograph designed and built by Barker at Harwell served as the prototype for an instrument marketed by Southern Analytical, Ltd. in the I960 s. This vacuum-tube based instrument reportedly sold for about 25,000 in 1969 (23). In 1961 Milner and coworkers at Harwell demonstrated beautifully the power of the differential pulse polarographic technique as implemented by the Southern Analytical instrument for the determination of uranium in seawater. After separation the determination was done at the level of 10 nM with precision of several per cent. A few years later in the United States, Gilbert reported on using this instrument for determination of nickel and vanadium in petroleum stocks ( ). 

---