Gymnocrinus richeri

The deepwater stalked crinoid Gymnocrinus richeri contained the gymnochromes C (659) and D (660) and isogymnochrome D (661). These compounds have a helical chirality and chiral atoms in the sidechains give rise to isomers [524]. 

Animal at the tip of a stem. This term refers to numerous species of fossil pedunculate crinoids since the discovery of Gymnocrinus richeri, v hich is considered to be a living fossil (see belov ). Pentacrines are pedunculate crinoids living at depths of between 70 and 1000 m they have been known since 1761. 

The Sterol fraction of Gymnocrinus richeri contains 14 derivatives nine usual sulfated sterols (A5 and AO) and some unusual steroids, including 5a-ergosta-7,22-diene-3p,5,6P-triol, cholesta-l,4-diene-3-one and three A6-5a, 8a epidioxysterols (De Riccardis et al., 1991b). 

Bourseau, J.-P., Ameziane-Cominardi, N., and Roux, M. (1987) Un Crinoide pedoncule nouveau (Echinodermes), representant actuel de la famille jurassique des Hemicrinidae Gymnocrinus richeri nov. sp. des fonds bathyaux de Nouvelle Caledonie (S.W. Pacifique). C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 305, 595-599. 

De Riccardis, F., lorizzi, M., Minale, L, Ricdo, R., Richer de Forges, B., and Debitus, C. (1991a) nie gymnochromes novel marine brominated phenanihroperylene quinone pigments from the stalked crinoid Gymnocrinus richeri.J. Org. Chem., 56, 6781—6787. 

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