Guinness Breweries

Student was the pseudonym of W. S. Gosset. whose employer, the Guinness breweries of Ireland, restricted publications for proprietary reasons. Because of the importance of Gosset s work, he was allowed to publish it (Biometrika 1908,6.1), but under an assumed name. 

The report of the synthesis of the first borazine transition metal complex was important for me in two respects. Already in May 1967, only 4 months after our communication appeared, I was invited by David Brown to give a main lecture at the following annual meeting of the Royal Society of Chemistry to be held in spring 1968 at Dublin. When I received the letter, I could not believe it at first, because I still considered myself as a nobody in the organometallic community. At the conference, I was lucky that my lecture was scheduled for the afternoon session of the day in which we later had dinner in the Guinness brewery. There, I was able not only to relax but also to enjoy the strong dark... 

Each of these density functions has its maximum at the least-squares values of its included parameters. The resulting distributions of parameters are known as t-distributions. Such distributions were first investigated by Gossett (1908) for singleresponse problems of quality control at the Guinness brewery in Dublin. The covariance matrix of the estimated parameter vector 6e in Eq. (6.6-4) is... 

The t statistic is often called Student s t. Student was the name used by W. S. Gossett when he wrote the classic paper on t that appeared in Biometrika, 1908, 6, 1. Gossett was employed by the Guinness Brewery to statistically analyze the results of determinations of the alcohol content in their products. As a result of this work, he discovered the now-famous statistical treatment of small sets of data. To avoid the disclosure of any trade secrets of his employer, Gossett published the paper under the name Student. 

A reasonable suggestion for devising a confidence interval for the population mean would be to substitute the sample estimate, s, for the corresponding population parameter, a and proceed as described earlier in Section 6.10. However, when the sample size is small (particularly < 30) the use of the Z distribution is less appropriate. William S Gossett, writing anonymously as "Student" while employed at Guinness Brewery, proposed the following statistic as an alternative. When X is a normally distributed variable and the sample size is small, the statistic... 

In 1908, W.S. Cosset, a chemist working for the Guinness brewery who wrote his scientific papers under the pseudon3rm Student, published a manuscript on the deduction of the curve representing the frequency distribution of a quantity z, which is obtained by dividing the distance... 

Incidentally the Student Mest was first described by W. S. Gossett (England, 1876-1936) when working in Guinness s brewery in Dublin. However, because Guinness has restrictions on publication, he published under the pseudonym Student. So when you next drink a Guinness, you may think of the Student s Mest ... 

There is a problem with equation 2.10 in that although we know x, n, and zaj2, if we only have our n data, and n is small, we do not know a. We can calculate the sample standard deviation s, but just as x is an estimate of /x, s is only an estimate of a. W.S. Gossett, while working for Arthur Guinness s brewery in Dublin, Ireland, in 1908, published a paper using the pseudonym Student, which solved this... 

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