Guanylurea dinitramide

N-guanylurea dinitramide (commonly known as FOX-12) has low sensitivity and is an excellent candidate for insensitive munitions [72]. It is neither hygroscopic nor soluble in water. Its thermal stability is comparable to RDX and superior to that of ADN. The substitution of ammonium in dinitramide by an organic cation results in the change of combustion temperature and reactivity of the fuel. 

A different compatibility problem arises when ADN is mixed with KNO3. Aging studies show a drastic decrease in melting point. The reason is probably formation of eutectic solutions between the salts. This has also been observed in aging studies of GDN and KNO3 but not when GDN is replaced by guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN). 

The chemist N. Latypov of the Swedish defense agency FOI developed and synthesized two other new energetic materials. These two compounds have become known as FOX-7 and FOX-12 (Fig. 1.9, a). FOX-7 or DADNE (diamino dinitro ethene) is the covalent molecule l,l-diamino-2,2-dinitro ethene (02N)2C=C(NH2)2. The synthesis of FOX-7 always includes several reaction steps. Two alternative ways to prepare FOX-7 are shown in Figure 1.9 (b). FOX-12 or GUDN (guanylurea dinitramide) is the dinitramide of guanylurea [H2N—C(=NH2)—NH—C(O)—NH2]+[N(N02)2]. ... 

Fox-12 (GUDN). Fox-12 also known as GUDN [Guanylurea dinitramide (C2H6N4O HN3O4)] (2.21) has been demonstrated to be an extremely insensitive energetic molecule. 

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