Growth rate declining

L. macrochirus 48 Food intake normal but growth rate declined 26% food conversion normal after 22 days in untreated water 61, 62, 69... 

L. macrochirus 173 No deaths. Food intake declined 29% and growth rate declined 75% 61,62, 69... 

Growth rates decline if the embryos are overcrowded and, likewise, if they are cultured alone. 

Sometimes, the growth rate is suppressed in the presence of too much substrate and growth is said to be substrate inhibited. In substrate inhibited culture, the specific growth rate attains a maximum value as the substrate concentration is increased and then the growth rate declines, as shown by the dashed line in Fig. 30. Note that in Fig. 30, the /Xmax values are different for the two growth profiles shown. The substrate inhibited growth may be described by the following equation ... 

The main biomass production phase was observed in the 0- to 8-h incubation period, after which the growth rate declined. Maximum acyloin-forming activity occurred after 12 h. 

Acetic anhydtide is a mature commodity chemical ia the United States and its growth rate in the 1970s and 1980s was negative until 1988 when foreign demand neatly doubled the exports of 1986. This increase in exports was almost certainly attributable to the decline in the value of the U.S. doUar. Over four-fifths of all anhydtide production is utilized in cellulose acetate [9004-35-7] manufacture (see Cellulose esters). Many anhydtide plants are integrated with cellulose acetate production and thus employ the acetic acid pyrolysis route. About 1.25 kg acetic acid is pyrolyzed to produce 1.0 kg anhydtide. 

The growth rate of U.S. formaldehyde uses has declined since the 1960s as shown (116) ... 

Economic Aspects. The 1992 MEK nameplate capacity for the United States, East Asia, and Western Europe is Hsted in Table 5. During the period 1980—1989 MEK achieved a negative growth rate as demand dropped from 311,000 (48) to 228, 000 t/yr (49). Stricter VOC regulations were largely responsible for the decline, and the trend will continue as solvent recovery and recycling, as well as substitution away from MEK, take effect. 

Economic Aspects. CMC is the most widely used cellulose ether. Excluding the former Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc countries, from which httie data are available, world consumption of cmde and purified grades totaled approximately 123,000 metric tons in 1987 (Table 2). Annual growth rate is nominal at 1—2%. The total volume in the United States declined in the 1980s from —32,000 metric tons in 1981 to —19,500 in 1987 because of decreased oil well drilling activity, an important outiet. 

Dlugokencky, K., Masarie, A., Lang, P. M., and Tans, P. P. (1998). Continuing decline in the growth rate of the atmospheric methane burden. Nature 393, 447-450. 

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