Growth by Condensation

Following growth by condensation, droplets grow further by collision coalescence (colliding mainly due to different fall speeds). Some small... 

By using the classical theory of ion induced nucleation to describe the growth of radon daughters from the free activity mode to the nucleation mode, we loose information about the size of the subcritical clusters. These clusters are all lumped together between the size of a pure H2O ion cluster at 75% r.h. and the size of the critical H2O-H2SO4 cluster. The model only does keep track of the growth by condensation of the radon daughters once they arrived in the nucleation mode. 

Warner, J., and W. G. Warne, The Effect of Surface Films in Retarding the Growth by Condensation of Cloud Nuclei and Their Use in Fog Suppression, J. Appl. Meteorol., 9, 639-650 (1970). 

The main mechanisms of transfer of particles from the Aitken to accumulation mode is coagulation (Chapter 13) and growth by condensation of vapors formed by chemical reactions (Chapter 12) onto existing particles. Coagulation among accumulation mode particles is a slow process and does not transfer particles to the coarse mode. 

C We want to explore the dynamics of aerosol size distributions undergoing simultaneous growth by condensation and removal at a rate dependent on the aerosol concentration, with a continuous source of new particles. The size distribution function in such a case is governed by... 

Angelo [7] has shown that during periods of continual surface renewal, the actual mass transfer coefficient may be fifteen times as large as that predicted by boundary layer theory. Thus, the unsteady state absorption during surface renewal is a more complex situation not covered by these theories. In order to describe a fog or mist formation>it is necessary to study droplet growth by condensation with no Internal turbulence. Bogaevskii [2] reported water droplets growing by water vapor condensation in a mine shaft to absorb about six times more sulfur dioxide than that predicted by steady state absorption. 

Because of the stability and low moisture content of the stratosphere, clouds do not form in it. The absence of cloud formation prevents particle removal by rainout. Also, since particle concentrations are only a few per cubic centimeter, growth by coagulation with subsequent removal by settling is negligible. Similarly, growth by condensation is slow because of low vapor concentration. Consequently, particle lifetimes in the stratosphere are 1—2 years, compared with 1—2 weeks in the lower troposphere. Climatic and global effects of the stratospheric aerosol are described in Section 14.3. 

Two DMAs can be used in series or tandem (TDMA) to study processes that change particle size, such as evaporation, growth by condensation, or chemical reac-... 

The term solid state polycondensation (SSP) simply says that chain growth by condensation steps occur under conditions, where at least one reaction partner exists in the solid state. As discussed below, SSP encompasses a broad variety of condensation reactions and substrates. Seemingly, the first example of a SSP (but not recognized as such) was the synthesis of poly(4-hydroxybenzoic acid), poly(4-oxybenzoate) by dry distillation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (see Chap. 2, Refs. [64—66]). A more detailed discussion of syntheses of poly(4-hydroxybenzoic acid) will we presented in Sect. 14.3. The first section is dedicated to SSPs of peptide esters which were also described for the first time before World War 1. 

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