Group 14 elements germanium hydrides

Germanium forms a wide range of compounds with hydrogen, silicon, the heavier group 14 elements, some main group metals, and transition metals. Catenated hydrides, Ge H2 +2, have already been discussed. The majority have carbon bonded to Ge and are included in the next article (see Germanium Organometallic Chemistry). 

Volatile compounds of the hydrides of silicon and germanium with elements of groups V and VI... 

J. E. Drake, Ch. Riddle, Volatile Compounds of Hydrides of Silicon and Germanium with Elements of Group V and VI", Quart. Rev. 1970, 24, 263. 

Separations of hydrides of silicon and germanium have been achieved by GC on ester and silicone phases. Separation of alkyltin mono- and dihydrides by GC requires the use of most inert stationary phases to preclude on-column reaction. Among the Group IVA elements, lead alone has hydrides for which GC has not proved possible. 

Several examples of oxidative addition reactions of compounds involving group (iv) elements, silicon and germanium, with iridium(i) complexes have been described and reviewed. In the reaction of silicon hydrides (CH3) (C2H50)3 SiH with bis(bis-l, 2-diphenylphosphinoethane)iridium(i), [Ir (diphos)2],... 

Write the formulas for the following compormds, and indicate the oxidation state of the group 4A element or of boron in each (a) silicon dioxide, (b) germanium tetrachloride, (c) sodium boro-hydride, (d) stannous chloride, (e) diborane, (f) boron trichloride. 

Hydride generation in AAS became popular after 1970 in response to a study by Holak, which demonstrated the analytical potential of this approach for arsenic. Since then, elements of groups IVA, VA, and VIA of the periodic table have been shown to form volatile covalent hydrogen compounds with sufficient efficiency to be of practical analytical use. These include arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, antimony, selenium, tin, tellurium, and to some extent, indium and thallium. 

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