Graphical Design Procedure

Figure 6.12 Graphical design procedure for reactors in series.

For the case of a constant distribution coefficient, Treybal (1968) shows that the theoretical minimum solvent-to-feed ratio necessary to extract all of a component from a feed stream is equal to the inverse of the distribution coefficient. Recall, however, that the theoretical minimum value of the solvent-to-feed ratio requires an infinitely tall column. In actual practice a greater solvent-to-feed ratio, typically 1.3 to 1.5 times minimum, is employed. We present some elementary but informative graphical design procedures to illustrate the relationship between the distribution coefficient and the operation of the supercritical fluid extraction process for separating ethanol-water. 

We begin the development of graphical design procedures by deriving generalized material balance equations for countercurrent cascades. These are first applied to simple, single-section distillation, extraction, absorption, and... 

This graphical design procedure will apply to most fume scrubbers that operate at atmospheric pressure. 

To obviate the tedious graphical iategration, a simplified design procedure was developed on the basis of Colburn s analytical solution, equation 56. Substitution of the ratio presents no problem because this ratio stays fairly constant ia the tower at the low coaceatratioas for which Figure 12 is... 

Davis et al. [54] designed a graphical extrapolation procedure to calculate parameters of TLM from surface charging data. Similar graphical procedure was used to estimate the ApKa from electrokinetic data [55]. Bousse and Meind [56] postulate combination of potentiometric titration data with surface potential data... 

Marek (8) derived a design procedure for plate columns based on material and enthalpy balances which included the presence of a chemical reaction. For a ternary mixture a combined numerical and graphical method was suggested using a modified McCabe-Thiele construction. The problem was simplified by assuming negligible heat of reaction and 100% stage efficiency. The hypothetical reactions employed were A + B 20 and A + B Q. 

For a perfectly mixed system with no concentration polarization, predict the performance of an existing membrane separation system and design a new membrane separation system using both analytical and graphical analysis procedures... 

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