Graphene sheets multilayer

Carbon nanotube research was greatly stimulated by the initial report of observation of carbon tubules of nanometer dimensions[l] and the subsequent report on the observation of conditions for the synthesis of large quantities of nanotubes[2,3]. Since these early reports, much work has been done, and the results show basically that carbon nanotubes behave like rolled-up cylinders of graphene sheets of bonded carbon atoms, except that the tubule diameters in some cases are small enough to exhibit the effects of one-dimensional (ID) periodicity. In this article, we review simple aspects of the symmetry of carbon nanotubules (both monolayer and multilayer) and comment on the significance of symmetry for the unique properties predicted for carbon nanotubes because of their ID periodicity. 

Niu, Z., et al., Electrophoretic build-up of alternately multilayered films and micropatterns based on graphene sheets and nanoparticles and their applications in flexible supercapacitors. Smaii, 2012. 8(20) p. 3201-3208. 

Gu, Z., and Xu, S. (2010) Large scale synthesis of N-doped multilayered graphene sheets by simple... 

Goh, M.S. and Pumera, M. (2010) The electrochemical response of graphene sheets is independent of the number of layers from a single graphene sheet to multilayer stacked graphene platelets. Chem. Asian J., 5, 2355 - 2357. 

Fig. 3.16 C Is X-ray photoelectron spectra from graphene sheets grown epitaxially in multilayer stacks on SiC(OOOl). Spectra are shown for the as-grown surface and the surface following two transfers. Reprinted from Unarunotai, S., Koepke, J. C., Tsai, C. -L., Du, F., Chialvo, C. E., Murata, Y., Haasch, R., Petrov, I., Mason, N., Shim, M., Lyding, J., Rogers, J. A. Layer-by-Layer Transfer of Multiple, Large Area Sheets of Graphene Grown in Multilayer Stacks on a Single SiC Wafer. ACS Nano, 4, 5591 (2010). Copyright 2010 American Chemical Society...

J. Hass, F. Varchon, J. Millan-Otoya, M. Sprinkle, N. Sharma, W. de Heer, et al., Why multilayer graphene on 4H-SiC(0001 ) behaves like a single sheet of graphene, Physical Review Letters, 100 (2008) 125504. 

Li, Z., et al., Electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly multilayer films based on graphene and manganese dioxide sheets as novel electrode materials for supercapacitors. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2011. 21(10) p. 3397-3403. 

---