Graft Copolymerization onto Leather

Unlike many synthetic substitutes, leather lacks uniformity and is subject to chemical deterioration, water penetration, and abrasion damage, even though it is already a versatile material. 

To improve the strength and elastic properties as well as fill in open areas, eliminate defects, and control water permeation, a series of vinyl, acrylic, and styrene type monomers were incorporated via an emulsion technique.After polymerization, a semi-I IPN is formed if the vinyl monomer mix contain no crosslinker, and a full IPN is formed if a crosslinker is incorporated. 

The general procedure involves adding water, initiator, redox system, and surfactant, to the skin in an appropriate container, and flushing with 

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