Gradient fully automated optimization

The first results of optimization in chromatography were published in 1975 Since then a growing number of optimization experiments in HPLC using the Simplex procedure has been reported (table 9). The examples are mainly reversed-phase separations, in which the composition of the ternary or binary mobile phase composition is optimized. The factors optimized are usually a selection from flow rate, column temperature and length, the eluents constitution (e.g. organic modifier content, buffer concentration and pH), the gradient shape. Seven years after the first applications of Simplex optimization had appeared, the first fully automated optimization of HPLC separations was published by Berridge in 1982. This development coincid-... 

The advantage of the simplified procedure described by de Smet et al. is the use of only one column and six solvents, which enhances the possibilities for fully automated optimization on relatively simple commercial instruments. The disadvantages are that the column of intermediate polarity could lead to a reduced general selectivity in both modes (see figure 3.8) and the long equilibration procedure (about 2 hours, involving several gradients), which is required to switch from the reversed phase to the normal phase mode and vice versa. 

On-Line Mode - Fully Automated Optimization oTlsocratic and Gradient Separations... 

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