Golgi biosynthetic pathways

The Golgi biosynthetic pathways appear to have evolved to generate structural diversity on glycoproteins. However, specific functions in metazoans, and therefore... 

Protein glycosylation occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi compartments of the cell and involves a complex series of enzymatic reactions catalysed by membrane-bound glycosyltransferases and glyco-sidases. The two main types of protein glycosylation have very different biosynthetic pathways. 

It has been convincingly demonstrated that the mammalian coronin 7 is localized to the Golgi complex and regulates protein traffic in the anterograde direction. "" Chapter 7 summarizes the functions of invertebrate coronin 7 orthologs. Indeed, there is evidence that nonmammalian orthologs may function in the biosynthetic pathway as well. This is best illustrated by the C. elegans phenotype where POD-1 (coronin 7) deletion results in defects in the formation of the embryonic e sheU and accumulation of vesicular structures within the e. It has been shown that in... 

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are primarily synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus [24,25,26] and are internalized by endocytosis [27]. The known biosynthetic pathways of GSLs and gangliosides are depicted in O Fig. 1 and O Fig. 2, respectively. 

Nishimura S-I. Artificial golgi apparatus automated glycoconjugates synthesis by mimicking biosynthetic pathway. In Abstracts of Papers, 224th ACS National Meeting, Boston, MA United States, August 18-22, 2002 CARB-032. 

Both nonsecretory and secretory tissues undoubtedly employ the same protein biosynthetic pathway involving ribosomes, RNA, etc. The transfer of the synthesized enzyme proceeds through the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus where the hydrolase is enveloped in a vesicle. The distinction of the secretoiy type of cells is that the enzyme produced this way travels to the exterior of the cell into an acinus, possibly by reverse pinocytosis. 

Much progress has been made in identifying Man-T genes and defining the roles of their products various biosynthetic pathways. Man-T will be discussed in the context of the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells and the biosynthetic pathways that are localized in the ER and Golgi. Proteins related by amino acid sequence... 

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