Gold cluster compounds synthesis

Briant CE, Theobald BRC, White JW et al (1981) Synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of the centered icosahedral gold cluster compound [Aui3(PPhMe2)ioCl2](PF6)3 the realization of a theoretical prediction. Chem Commun 5 201-202... 

Herein we describe the synthesis and characterization of small-size homonuclear gold cluster compounds with a nuclearity ranging from 3 to 39 gold atoms. These types of dusters are usually characterized through definitive structural techniques such as single-crystal X-ray diffraction, enabling in-depth study of the structural arrangements found in the solid state. 

Heteronuclear gold cluster compounds have, therefore, been proposed as potential precursors for the synthesis of selective catalysts and also as models of the modifications to the substrate that arise at a molecular level. Braunstein has reviewed in more detail the catalytic applications of gold-containing polymetallic systems (212). 

Furthermore, the photolysis of azido complexes can be used for the synthesis of heteronuclear gold cluster compounds, if a source for the heteroatom is present during the photolysis in form of a carbonyl or azido complex. ... 

M. J. Hostetler, S. J. Green, J. J. Stokes, and R. W. Murray, Monolayers in three dimensions synthesis and electrochemistry of o>-functionalized alkanethiolate-stabilized gold cluster compounds, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 118,4212-4213(1996). 

Hostetler, M.J., Green, S.J., Stokes, J.J. and Murray, R.W. (1996) Monolayers in three dimensions synthesis and electrochemistry of d-functionalized alkanethiolate-stabilized gold cluster compounds. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 118, 4212-13. 

Sodium borohydride reductions of gold(I) complexes give Au clusters at RT if sodium borohydride in ethanol is dropped slowly into a suspension of the Au(I) complex in the same solvent. The immediate coloring of the reaction mixture (mostly red), even after only a few drops of the borohydride have been added, indicates fast formation of Au clusters. In view of the complicated composition of these compounds the fast formation is surprising. The use of H2 and CO with HjO as reducing agents in the synthesis of gold clusters has been described (see Table 1, Method A, 8.2.2.2). 

The affinity of crown thioethers for heavy metals - and their antipathy to the biologically important ions, such as Na, Ca, and Mg -suits crown thioethers particularly well for decorporation of toxic metal ions. Similarly, crown thioethers may find potential use in the hydrometallurgical winning of precious metals such as silver, gold, and platinum, or as the basis for ion-selective electrodes [219]. Other potential applications [220] may arise from use of crown thioethers as structural building blocks or capping members (e.g. (M(9S3) ) for synthesis of metal cluster compounds. 

Imidazolium ligands, in Rh complexes, 7, 126 Imidazolium salts iridium binding, 7, 349 in silver(I) carbene synthesis, 2, 206 Imidazol-2-ylidene carbenes, with tungsten carbonyls, 5, 678 (Imidazol-2-ylidene)gold(I) complexes, preparation, 2, 289 Imidazopyridine, in trinuclear Ru and Os clusters, 6, 727 Imidazo[l,2-a]-pyridines, iodo-substituted, in Grignard reagent preparation, 9, 37—38 Imido alkyl complexes, with tantalum, 5, 118—120 Imido-amido half-sandwich compounds, with tantalum, 5,183 /13-Imido clusters, with trinuclear Ru clusters, 6, 733 Imido complexes with bis-Gp Ti, 4, 579 with monoalkyl Ti(IV), 4, 336 with mono-Gp Ti(IV), 4, 419 with Ru half-sandwiches, 6, 519—520 with tantalum, 5, 110 with titanium(IV) dialkyls, 4, 352 with titanocenes, 4, 566 with tungsten... 

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